Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Other Disciplines of Nuclear Science submitted time 2025-07-12
Abstract： The temperature oscillation phenomenon in the upper plenum of the reactor core is one of the key factors affecting the safe and stable operation of lead-based nuclear power plants, and its accurate deβ1, β2, and β* in the model on the temperature results and their uncertainty intervals was conducted, along with a sensitivity analysis of the parameters. The research results indicate that the distribution characteristics of temperature uncertainty are closely related to fluid flow and mixing processes. The temperature uncertainty is relatively low in areas near the nozzles due to the direct impact of the jet, while it is relatively high in the intermediate areas between the cold and hot nozzles due to intense fluid mixing. In particular, the parameters β2 and β* have a significant contribution to the uncertainty of the temperature results within the studied range. These findings provide scientific guidance for subsequent model improvements and engineering applications.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Other Disciplines of Nuclear Science submitted time 2025-07-12
Abstract： [Background] Hexagonal boron nitride has a lamellar structure composed of six-membered rings similar to that of graphene, thus presenting excellent mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, and has attracted widespread attention in many applications. [Purpose] Based on the high energy consumption problem of hexagonal boron nitride preparation process, this paper aims to propose a greener and lower energy consumption preparation process. [Methods] In this work, the molten salt media method was used as a preparation process method. The method used KCl-NaCl as the molten salt system, melamine (C3N6H6) and boric acid (H3BO3) as the reactants, and nitrogen (N2) was introduced as the reaction atmosphere. In this study, the effect of different conditions on the preparation of hexagonal boron nitride products was systematically investigated by varying the mass ratio of the molten salt to the reactants, the nitrogen-boron molar ratio in the reactants, the holding temperature and the holding time. The optimum preparation conditions were derived from the characterization and analysis of various obtained samples. [Results] Under the systematic study in this work, a mass ratio of molten salt to reactants of 2:1, a nitrogen-to-boron molar ratio of 1:2, and a holding time of 10 hours at 1000 °C are found to be the optimum preparation conditions. Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with an average size of about 50 nm size can be prepared under this condition. It indicates that hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets with controllable particle size, consistent morphology and good crystallization can be prepared under the optimal process conditions. [Conclusions] The present work provides a new way to synthesize hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets in a green and low-carbon manner.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-10
Zhou, Mr. Shiqiang
Wang, Prof. Dong
Xie, Mr. Li-Rong
Lian, Mr. Chen
Zhou, Mr. Zhuo
Sun, Prof. Xiangming
Liu, Prof. Hongbang
Gao, Prof. Chaosong
liu, Mr. jun
Feng, Mr. Huan-Bo
Yi, Mr. DiFan
Zhang, Mr. Zi-Yi
Liu, Miss Si-Ying
Liu, Mr. Meng-Ping
Fang, Mr. Ni
chen, Mr. Ran
Luo, Mr. Yan-Jun
Dong, Mr. Chunlai
Tong, Mr. Yi-Chen
Lu, Miss Meng-Xin
Abstract： This paper presents a novel pixel chip readout scheme: the Region-of-Interest Readout Circuit (ROIRC), which is designed for large area, large array pixel chips and Gas Pixel Detector (GPD). This design employs a sentinel pixel detection strategy, enabling rapid identification and prioritized readout of the pixel regions containing signal events. During the scanning readout of these signal events, ROIRC employs a Block-based readout approach, effectively minimizing the readout of non-signal pixels. The functionality of ROIRC has been successfully implemented on both the ASIC and FPGA platforms. In the tests of the ROIRC, the detector is capable of detecting low-energy X-rays in the range of 2-10 keV and support multiple event readouts, and the detector can perform effective readout of effective photons with a flux of up to 15k · (cm-2 · s-1) .
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-10
Abstract： Due to the current situation of the lack of devices and methods for measuring the internal contamination caused by radionuclides in wounds, which may be caused in spent fuel reprocessing and radioisotope production, we developed a new non-contact measurement system for radionuclide-contaminated wounds with better resolution, moderate size, and easy for clinical application by using the imaging and energy spectroscopy measurement technology to measure the amount and distribution of the contamination retained in wound. With that system，a measurement method to estimate the retention depth and activity of nuclides in the injured part was established by making use of the difference of the absorption attenuation coefficient of X/γ rays emitted by retained nuclides in the injured limb with different thicknesses , which realizes the identification of the retained nuclides in wounds, the measurement of the depth and activity of nuclides retained in different types of wounds, as well as the determination of the characteristics of the distribution of radioactive contamination in wounds. The problem of measuring the characteristics of radionuclide-contaminated wounds are solved fundamentally. This study is of great significance in upgrading the level of existing technology for radionuclide-contaminated wounds at home and abroad, improving the monitoring and evaluation system of internal irradiation, and enhancing the occupational health protection level of radiation practitioners.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-10
Abstract： Austenitic stainless steels have been extensively utilized as key structural components in nuclear reactors, yet they exhibit a strong tendency to undergo swelling under neutron irradiation, which consequently deteriorates their mechanical performance. Hence, reliable prediction of the swelling evolution in austenitic stainless steels is essential to guarantee their operational integrity during reactor service. This research draws on a curated dataset documenting neutron irradiation-induced swelling in austenitic stainless steels, in which correlation analysis and recursive feature elimination were used to identify critical factors governing swelling behavior—namely, temperature, neutron flux, and the concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Si, P, and C. Based on the 15 selected features, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model was developed for predictive analysis of swelling, enabling precise prediction of the peak swelling temperature and the dose corresponding to the swelling incubation stage. Using the trained MLP model, a quantitative relationship was established between the swelling rate and the elemental concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Si, P, and C. The analysis revealed that higher Cr content consistently promotes swelling, while increases in Si and P (above 0.02 wt.%) effectively suppress swelling. Additionally, there exist threshold concentrations for Mn (2.5 wt.%), Ni (35 wt.%), and C (0.1 wt.%), beyond which swelling is most effectively mitigated. The results of elemental interaction analysis indicate that in austenitic stainless steels containing high levels of Cr, Ni must be increased to 15–20 wt.% to achieve enhanced swelling resistance. Under conditions of low C concentration, increasing the P content appropriately can enhance the material's resistance to irradiation-induced swelling. These findings offer quantitative guidance for designing and optimizing the composition of austenitic stainless steels with improved swelling resistance under irradiation.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-09
Abstract： Within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model, the fusion cross section and fusion mechanism of neutron-deficient Pu isotopes in the reactions 24,26,30Si+196Hg were investigated. We found that the fusion cross sections are higher in the reaction with a more neutron-rich beam owing to the lower dynamical barrier. The dynamic barrier decreases with decreasing incident energy, which explains the fusion enhancement at the sub-barrier energy. The peak value of N/Z ratio in the neck region was the highest in reaction 30Si+196Hg, indirectly leading to the lowest dynamic barrier. Compared with the proton density distribution, the neck region for neutrons is larger, indicating that neutrons transfer more quickly than protons, leading to a high N/Z ratio in the neck. The time distribution of the appearance of dynamical barriers was wider at lower incident energies, indicating that the fusion process took longer to exchange nucleons. The single-particle potential barrier decreases with time evolution and finally disappears at a lower impact parameter, which is favorable for fusion events.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-09
Jiao, Dr. Pu
Hao, Dr. Zirui
Li, Dr. Zhicai
Sun, Dr. Qiankun
Liu, Dr. Longxiang
Xu, Dr. Hanghua
Zhang, Dr. Yue
Zhou, Miss Mengdie
Yang, Dr. Yuxuan
Jin, Dr. Sheng
Chen, Dr. Kaijie
Ye, Mr. Shan
Wang, Dr. Zhenwei
Wang, Dr. Yuting
Wei, Mrs. Hui-Ling
Fu, Dr. Yao
Wang, Prof. Hongwei
Fan, Prof. GongTao
Ma, Dr. Chun-Wang (Nuclear physics) 马春旺
Abstract： To overcome the difficulty and expensive cost for some specific isotopic targets, a substitution method was proposed to measure the cross section of (γ, n) reactions. Considering that the natural copper element (natCu) only has 63Cu and 65Cu isotopes, the 65Cu(γ, n)64Cu reaction was taken as an example to test the substitution method. Using quasi-monoenergetic γ beams provided by the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), the natCu(γ, n) was measured from Eγ= 11.09 to 17.87 MeV. Furthermore, based on the 63Cu(γ, n) reaction measured using the same experimental setup at SLEGS, the 65Cu(γ, n)64Cu was extracted using the substitution method. The abundance variation of natural copper, showing a significant influence in the cross section, is also investigated. The results were compared to the existing experimental data measured by bremsstrahlung and positron annihilation in-flight sources, and the TALYS 2.0 predictions. The γ strength function (γSF) of 65Cu is obtained from the 65Cu(γ, n) data, and the reaction cross section of 64Cu(n, γ) was further calculated.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Science and Technology submitted time 2025-07-09
Abstract： The Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility (SHINE) is currently under construction as one of the world’s most advanced hard X-ray free-electron laser facilities. The timing system, as an essential part of the free-electron laser facility, provides precise timing of trigger pulse signals for a range of devices to ensure that particles are generated and accelerated to the designed energy while enabling the precise measurement of beam parameters. To precisely distribute and synchronize the 1.003086MHz (1300/1296) timing signals over a distance of approximately 3.1km based on White Rabbit technology, three technical routes have been proposed. This paper begins with a description of the design and development process of the timing system for the SHINE project, which culminates with the determination of the design scheme. During the installation and commissioning of the timing system, the jitter accuracy of the timing signal was tested and found to be less than 10ps, which meets the requirements of the project. Furthermore, the precise clock synchronization signal provided by the timing system supported the joint debugging of various related systems and realization of beam acquisition.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-08
Li, Dr. ouyi
Meng, Dr. Weijia
Fang, Dr. Wenxiang
Zhong, Dr. Bin
ma, Prof. tianyu 马天予
yu, Prof. ganglin
Abstract： For controlled nuclear fusion, it is of significance to develop a comprehensive simulation environment for Inertial Confinement Fusion(ICF) . This environment must accurately calculate the energy loss of charged particles in high-temperature, high-density plasma, and simulate the physical parameters of fusion reactions and products. This study presents a novel implementation of a modified Li-Petrasso (MLP) energy loss theory within the Geant4 framework, to address the critical challenge of simulating charged particle transport in high-temperature, high-density plasma for ICF research. The modified theory integrates binary collision terms, collective plasma effects, and quantum degeneracy corrections, enabling accurate calculations of stopping power, mean collision path, and energy transfer dynamics for particles such as recoil alpha particles, deuterons, and tritons under extreme plasma conditions. This work provides a detailed introduction to how to embed and calculate this process within Geant4 and verifies the correctness of the embedded model. Full simulation of the fusion process is also conducted. The results demonstrate that the improved Geant4 can effectively handle the energy loss of charged particles in such environments, calculate important fusion parameters like neutron energy spectrum and energy transfer ratios, and observe the production of ultra-high-energy neutrons. Comparisons with experimental fusion data show significant improvements in consistency, validating the improved Geant4's validity and accuracy. This work has, for the first time, achieved full simulation of charged particle energy loss and secondary neutron spectrum of ICF using Geant4, providing valuable insights into ICF characteristics and aiding in the development of more accurate fusion simulations.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-08
Zhu, Mr. Jun-Yu
Li , Dr. Xiao
Yu, Ms. Jiebing
Lu, Dr. Zhijun
Hao, Dr. XueRui
Wu, Dr. Bin
Zhang, Mr. Ling Chun
Long, Mr. Wei
Liu, Mr. Yang
Chen, Mr. Shengyi
Wu, Dr. Jian
Li, Dr. Xiang
Abstract： Double radio-frequency (RF) systems, comprising both fundamental and harmonic cavities, are essential in advanced synchrotron light sources for lengthening beam bunches, thereby increasing the Touschek lifetime and reducing intrabeam scattering. RF cavities must incorporate effective higher-order mode (HOM) damping to mitigate coupled bunch instabilities (CBI). Additionally, a compact design is crucial for fitting within the limited straight sections of storage rings. This paper presents a novel coaxial bimodal cavity that simultaneously delivers fundamental and harmonic voltages, allowing independent operation of both modes and effective HOM damping. It offers a more compact and efficient alternative to conventional separate cavities. A prototype cavity design was developed, featuring resonant frequencies of 166.6 MHz for the fundamental mode and 499.8 MHz for the third harmonic mode. Simulation results indicate the successful implementation of a bimodal RF cavity, featuring independent frequency tuning, separate RF drives, and effective HOM damping. This work offers a compact and efficient solution for implementing double-frequency RF systems in advanced synchrotron light sources.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Particle Accelerator submitted time 2025-07-07
Abstract： [Background]:Shanghai Proton Therapy Device (SAPT) is the first domestic proton therapy demonstration device, and the gantry is an important part of the proton therapy device, with an isocentric accuracy of ±0.275mm, which is superior to the international mainstream equipment and requires high motion positioning accuracy and reliability.[Purpose]:To provide a reference for the impact of the gantry structure on the treatment accuracy of the gantry under different rotation angle conditions.[Methods]:The development progress of the 360° gantry located in the Ruijin proton center was introduced, and the research on its isocentric accuracy was introduced, and the measured results were compared. Through the static structural analysis module of ANSYS, the deformation analysis of the center point of the gantry is carried out, and the actual deformation is measured and the error sphere is plotted using a laser tracker to find the accuracy at the center point under typical working conditions and analyze the cause.[Results]:Through the qualitative analysis of the accuracy of the equal center point in the process of gantry and the comparison between the installed measured data and the simulation results, the trend of the two is the same, but there is a certain deviation (the simulation value is generally small), indicating that the theoretical calculation is close to the measured results but not the same. However, the rationality and reliability of the simulation method are fully verified.[Conclusions]:The simulation results not only show that the stiffness, strength and stability of the gantry structure are at an excellent level, but also provide a solid theoretical support for subsequent engineering applications. The successful development of China's first 360° gantry is not only a milestone in the localization of high-end medical equipment, but also a leading international level with ultra-high precision, innovative structure and cost advantages.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-07
Shi-Yu Zhang
Yang-Bo Nie
Qi Zhao
Xin-Yi Pan
Yan-Yan Ding
Kuo-Zhi Xu
Xiao-Yu Wang
Bei-Bo He
Qi Sun
Jie Ren
Hong-Tao Chen
Xi-Chao Ruan
Zheng Wei
Abstract： Beryllium (9Be) serves as a crucial neutron multiplier and reflection material, being extensively employed in the nuclear industry. The evaluated nuclear data are utilized in the design of the nuclear devices. Following the interaction between neutrons and 9Be, all neutrons generated stem from the 9Be(n, 2n)8Be reaction chan nel, except for the elastic scattering reaction channel. Nevertheless, the data of the outgoing neutron double differential cross section of the reaction channel provided by the latest internationally evaluated libraries still exhibit considerable discrepancies. A shielding integral experiment based on slab 9Be samples with measure ments of neutron spectra leaked from different angles is an effective approach to verify the double differential cross section data. Hence, in this study, a shielding integral experiment of 9Be samples of different thicknesses was conducted using a nanosecond pulsed deuterium-tritium neutron source established by the China Institute of Atomic Energy. Theneutron time-of-flight spectra of three thicknesses (4.4 cm, 8.8 cm, and 13.2 cm) and six an gles (47◦, 58◦, 73◦, 107◦, 122◦, and 133◦) were measured by the neutron time-of-flight method, and 18 sets of experimental data were obtained. Additionally, the MCNP-4C program was used to obtain the simulated results of the leakage neutron spectra using the evaluated nuclear data of 9Be from the CENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VIII.0, JENDL-5, and JEFF-3.3 libraries. The simulated results of the leakage neutron spectra were compared with the experimental results, and the results showed that in the elastic scattering energy region, the simulated results from the CENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VIII.0, and JENDL-5 libraries were slightly higher at small angles and slightly lower at large angles. In the (n, 2n) energy region, the simulated results from the CENDL-3.2 library were significantly different from the experimental results in terms of spectral shape, and the simulated results from the ENDF/B-VIII.0 and the JENDL-5 libraries were in good agreement with the experimental results at small angles but low at large angles. The simulated results from the JEFF-3.3 library showed serious underestimation at all angles.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Science and Technology submitted time 2025-07-07
Abstract： [Background] LBE (Lead-Bismuth Eutectic) alloy exhibits high thermal conductivity, substantial heat capacity, and the capability to operate under normal pressure at elevated temperatures. These properties render it a primary candidate for use as a coolant in fourth-generation reactors. [Purpose] This study aims to reveal the temperature fluctuation characteristics for LBE in complex circulation by combining experimental data and Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) model. [Methods] Firstly, the suitability of various turbulence models for simulating temperature fluctuations was validated using experimental data from liquid sodium tests conducted under a parallel three-nozzle configuration. Secondly, comparisons were made between the temperature fluctuation intensities of liquid sodium and LBE to illustrate the thermal similarity of these two liquid metal. Finally, under an artificial engineering boundary conditions, the LES model was employed to analyze the temperature fluctuation characteristics of LBE within the reactor upper plenum structure. [Results] The temperature fluctuation intensity of LBE is 1~10 Hz, indicative of typical low-frequency fluctuations. The most pronounced temperature fluctuations occur at approximately three-quarters of the height between the reactor core outlet and the heat pipe section. At the far end of the reactor core outlet, the temperature fluctuation intensity diminishes significantly due to relatively effective mixing of non-isothermal LBE. [Conclusions] The research provide valuable insights for assessing material thermal fatigue and optimizing the placement of measurement points within the LBE reactor upper plenum.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-07
梁, Dr. 杰
Wang, Mr. Ke-liang
Guo, Dr. Ji-ping
Zhang, Mrs. Fan
Wu, Ms. Ya-qin
Jun, Prof. Yang
Zhun, Prof. Ying-chun
Abstract： This paper reports an experimental investigation into the backscatter effects on gamma radiation monitors. The study addresses deviations in measurement readings observed in wall-mounted monitors compared to free-air devices due to backscatter phenomena. Reinforced concrete test blocks were employed to simulate operational environments, with measurements conducted using three detector types: a radiation protection level dosimeter with ionization chamber, an air-kerma radiation monitor with counter tube, and a radiation detector with NaI(Tl) scintillator. Analysis of backscatter factors at varying distances and orientations revealed that: (1) backscatter factors decreased with increasing source-to-surface distance, and (2) central irradiation generally yielded higher backscatter factors than non-central irradiation. The experimental data provide essential reference for formulating or revising pertinent technical standards.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Science and Technology submitted time 2025-07-06
Abstract： Recently, machine learning has become a powerful tool for predicting nuclear charge radius $R_{\mathrm{C}}$, providing novel insights into complex physical phenomena. This study employs the continuous Bayesian probability (CBP) estimator and the Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to optimize the predictions of $R_{\mathrm{C}}$ from sophisticated theoretical models. The CBP estimator treats the residual between the theoretical and experimental values of $R_{\mathrm{C}}$ as a continuous variable, deriving its posterior probability density function (PDF) from Bayesian theory. The BMA method assigns weights to models based on their predictive performance for benchmark nuclei, thereby accounting for each model’s unique strengths. In global optimization, the CBP estimator improves the predictive accuracy of the three theoretical models by about 60\%. In extrapolation analyses, it consistently achieves an improvement rate of approximately 45\%, demonstrating the robustness of the CBP estimator. Furthermore, the combination of the CBP and BMA methods reduces the standard deviation to below 0.02 fm, effectively reproducing the pronounced shell effects on $R_{\mathrm{C}}$ of the Ca and Sr isotope chains. The studies in this paper propose an efficient way to accurately describe $R_{\mathrm{C}}$ of unknown nuclei, with potential applications to research on other nuclear properties.
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Instrument and Meter submitted time 2025-07-05
Abstract： We present a prototype for hybrid Compton and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging aimed at enhancing data utilization and enabling concurrent imaging of multiple radiopharmaceuticals. The prototype comprises two detectors that utilize LYSO-SiPM and were available in our laboratory. One detector consists of a 50 × 50 array of LYSO crystals, each measuring 0.9 mm × 0.9 mm × 10 mm with 1 mm pitches, whereas the other detector comprises a 25 × 25 array of LYSO crystals, each measuring 1.9 mm × 1.9 mm × 10 mm with 2 mm pitches. These detectors are mounted on a rotational stage, which enables them to function as either a Compton camera or a PET detector pair. The 64-channel signals from the SiPMs of each detector are processed through a capacitive multiplexing circuit to yield four position-weighted outputs. Distinct energy windows were used to discriminate Compton events from PET events. Energy resolution and energy-channel relationships were calibrated via multiple sources. The measured average energy resolutions (full widths at half maximum, FWHMs) for the detectors at 511 keV were 17.5% and 15.2%, respectively. The initial experimental results indicate an angular resolution (FWHM) of 8.6 ◦ for the system in Compton imaging mode. A V-shaped tube injected with 18F solution was clearly reconstructed, which further verified the imaging capabilities of the system in Compton imaging mode. The results of simulation and experimental imaging studies show that the system can detect tumors as small as 1 mm in diameter when working in PET imaging mode. Mouse bone PET imaging was successfully conducted, with the results matching well with the corresponding CT images. This technology holds great potential for advancing the development of physiological function modalities.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-05
Abstract： Meson beam and nucleus collision experiments have played an important role in the field of nuclear physics and particle physics at medium and high energies, especially in the study of hadron spectroscopy, where a series of important experimental measurements have been achieved. In this paper, several typical meson beam experiments in the world are summarized, including J-PARC experiment in Japan, COMPASS experiment, AMBER experiment and HIKE experiment planned at CERN, GlueX experiment and EIC project at JLab in the United States. Furthermore, parameters of secondary meson beam are estimated based on HIAF facility in China, and physical measurements are discussed. Through the investigation of these experimental projects, the purpose is to provide some inspiration and reference for the further planning and construction of meson beam experimental equipment in China and the related research on hadron physics.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-05
Abstract： The Cerenkov detector has a distinct advantage in constructing the reaction vertex and incident direction of energetic particles, enabling the identification of emission sources. We propose a novel approach to measure neutrino sources by employing a modular photomultiplier tube (PMT) array, utilizing clean and transparent deep sea water as the sensitive medium. The feasibility of detecting solar neutrinos is demonstrated through extensive simulations using the Geant4 package. These simulations incorporate the production and transport of Cerenkov photons generated by electron scattering, with the Hough transform method applied to enhance the accuracy of vertex and direction reconstruction, particularly in the presence of noisy or incomplete data. The dominant background from γ-radiation due to 40K in seawater can be suppressed by a factor of 10^7 by introducing a threshold on the number of triggered PMTs. The total reconstruction efficiency increases with incident energy, achieving 25% for 6 MeV neutrinos and 52% for 10 MeV neutrinos, respectively. For source localization, a sufficient number of neutrino events must be detected, depending on background intensity above the threshold. The Hough transform is also applied to manage high noise levels during this process. The simulation results confirm the feasibility of detecting solar neutrinos using deep sea water, paving the way for future underwater neutrino detection systems.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Science and Technology submitted time 2025-07-04
Jiarong wang
Bingsheng tu
Jifei Wu
Tianhang Zhang
Jialin Liu
Jiateng Peng
Jiawei Wang
Yang Shen
Baoren Wei
Yaming Zou
Abstract： Accurate atomic mass data hold significant application value in various research fields, in which Penning Trap mass spectrometry is considered the most precise experimental method. A cryogenic detection system is a key component for reading out the image charge of charged particles in Penning traps using the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance technique. In this paper, we present the development and characteristics of this detection system, which includes a superconducting resonator and cryogenic low-noise amplifiers. The resonator consists of delicately woven thin NbTi wires configured into a multilayer helical coils, offering a quality factor of 98004 at around 1 MHz. Low-noise amplifiers are developed based on GaAs field-effect transistors, exhibiting amplification factors greater than 27 dB with a power consumption of approximately 6 mW in the frequency range of 0.1 to 10 MHz. The lowest input voltage noise is 0.8 nV/ √ Hz at 1 MHz. The fabrication process, operation, and measurements are elucidated in detail.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2025-07-04
Abstract： A first attempt to simulate the charge exchange process of C2+ to C-, in which C2+ with low energy through an exchange medium, using the Monte Carlo Software Geant4 has been accomplished. The yields of Cq (q=-2, -1, 0 and +1) from injected C2+ with different energies into different exchange medium are measured by setting up the physical model in the simulation program. The effect of different energies (range from 60 to 300keV), different exchange medium (isobutene and methane), different density distribution of exchange medium in charge exchange cell on the charge exchange efficiency have been studied. The comparison of the present results with the experimental results shows the feasibility of this method. Moreover, the present results demonstrate that low-density diffuse regions on either side of the high-density central region in the charge exchange cell has a significant contribution to improving the charge exchange efficiency. The charge exchange efficiency in organic non-metallic gases of isobutene is higher than in methane, particularly, an efficiency close to 2% of C2+ to C- conversion can be achieved in methane.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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