Design of a Compact Superconducting Synchrotron and Beam Dynamics Studies Using 3D Field Maps

Abstract: This study aims to develop a compact superconducting synchrotron designed to accelerate carbon ions to a maximum energy of \SI{430 }{MeV/u}, corresponding to a magnetic rigidity of \SI{6.6 }{Tm}. In addition to carbon ions, the proposed synchrotron can also provide helium ions and oxygen ions. The compactness of the synchrotron is achieved by employing Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) superconducting magnets and optimized beam optics, resulting in a circumference of approximately \SI{32.65 }{m}—significantly smaller than conventional normal-conducting heavy-ion synchrotrons. The paper details the lattice design, multi-turn injection scheme, and third-order resonance extraction system. Furthermore, considering the superconducting magnet is strongly curved, which would introduce unwanted field components within magnets, the field quality analysis was performed with Taylor series expansion. Beam dynamic studies were carried out in a 3D magnetic field map of superconducting magnets through the Runge-Kutta method to evaluate beam stability and dynamic aperture.